The Toque macaque is a macaque endemic to Sri Lanka, notable for a whorl of hair on the crown of its head. It inhabits a wide range of environments from dry forests to upland forests, and feeds mainly on fruit, also consuming leaves, insects, and small animals. Troops are multi-male, multi-female and can number up to about 40 individuals, with a strict dominance hierarchy. Males are larger than females; gestation lasts about 5–6 months, typically producing a single offspring, and weaning occurs at about 140–190 days. Because of habitat loss from deforestation, it is classified as Endangered (EN, IUCN Category I B).