Black-backed jackal. Inhabits grasslands, savannas, and bushy areas of eastern and southern Africa. Body length about 68–75 cm, weight about 7–13.5 kg. Omnivorous, feeding on mammals, birds, reptiles, insects, fruit, and carrion. Social structure is based on pair-based packs, with long-term pair bonds, cooperative hunting, and helpers assisting in rearing young. Reproduction varies regionally; gestation is 60–65 days and typically about four pups are born. Conservation status: Least Concern.