The red-shanked douc (Pygathrix nemaeus) is a primate of the family Colobinae distributed in the forests of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. It has reddish-brown shins, white forearms and tail, black hands and feet, bluish eyelids, and white cheek fur framing the face, giving it a vivid appearance as if wearing multicolored clothing. It lives in groups in the canopies of tropical rainforests and monsoon forests and feeds mainly on young leaves, as well as fruit, seeds, and flowers. Its long tail is not used for grasping branches but helps with balance when running along branches and leaping from branch to branch, and it rarely descends to the ground. Its forest habitat has been lost due to war-related destruction and subsequent development, and hunting has also contributed to population declines. It is currently assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) on the IUCN Red List and is listed in Appendix I of CITES, so habitat conservation and the prevention of poaching are essential.