The gaur (Bos frontalis) is one of the largest extant wild cattle species, inhabiting forests of the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is characterized by a heavy build and horns present in both males and females, and it feeds on a wide variety of plants including grasses, leaves, fruits, and branches. Gaurs forage during the day and typically ruminate or rest in the afternoon, living in hierarchically structured herds usually numbering about 10–30 individuals. The gestation period is approximately 270–280 days, and females typically give birth to a single calf. Populations are declining due to habitat loss, poaching, and diseases transmitted from livestock, making conservation management important.