The chacma baboon (Papio ursinus) is a large baboon widely distributed in the savannas and dry woodlands of southern Africa. Diurnal and omnivorous, it eats a wide variety of foods including fruits, leaves, insects, eggs, and seeds. Sexual dimorphism is pronounced: males are larger and have large canines. Troops typically consist of both multiple males and multiple females numbering about 20–60 individuals, though they may also form smaller single-male units. They show group defense behaviors against predators. Breeding does not have a strong seasonality; the gestation period is about six months and usually a single infant is born. Although affected by hunting, the species is currently assessed as of least concern.